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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>CLKs' awareness and capacity to draw on relational affordances as well as learner-internal elements, were important. The RIs from TS and ZL, for example mentioned their relationship with their local professor [http://wiki.die-karte-bitte.de/index.php/It_s_The_One_Pragmatic_Trick_Every_Person_Should_Be_Aware_Of ํ๋ผ๊ทธ๋งํฑ ์ฌ๋กฏ์ฒดํ] as a key factor in their pragmatic decision to avoid criticizing a strict professor (see the example 2).<br><br>This article reviews all locally published practical research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on the practical important topics such as:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)<br><br>The discourse completion test is a popular instrument in pragmatic research. It has numerous advantages, [http://shenasname.ir/ask/user/talkwatch3 ํ๋ผ๊ทธ๋งํฑ ๋ฌด๋ฃ ์ฌ๋กฏ] [https://www.laba688.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=6257335 ํ๋ผ๊ทธ๋งํฑ ์ฌ๋กฏ ์ฒดํ]์ฒดํ ([https://historydb.date/wiki/Watch_Out_How_Pragmatic_Free_Is_Taking_Over_And_What_You_Can_Do_About_It Going at Historydb]) but it also has some disadvantages. For example, the DCT cannot take into account cultural and individual differences in communication. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. This is why it is important to analyze it carefully before it is used for research or for assessment purposes.<br><br>Despite its limitations the DCT is a useful tool to investigate the relationship between prosody, information structure and non-native speakers. The ability of the DCT in two or more stages to manipulate social variables related to politeness could be a benefit. This ability can be used to study the effect of prosody across cultural contexts.<br><br>In the field linguistics, DCT is one of the most useful tools for analyzing communication behaviors of learners. It can be used to study numerous issues, like manner of speaking, turn-taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to evaluate the phonological difficulty of learners speaking.<br><br>Recent research utilized an DCT as tool to evaluate the refusal skills of EFL students. Participants were presented with a range of scenarios to choose from and then asked to select the most appropriate response. The authors found that the DCT was more effective than other refusal measures that included a questionnaire as well as video recordings. However, the researchers cautioned that the DCT should be used with caution and include other types of data collection methods.<br><br>DCTs are often created with specific linguistic requirements in mind, like content and form. These criteria are intuitive and based on the assumptions of test designers. They aren't always correct, and they could incorrectly describe the way in which ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interaction. This issue requires more investigation into alternative methods of measuring refusal competence.<br><br>A recent study examined DCT responses to requests made by students via email with those obtained from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs preferred more direct and conventionally indirect requests and utilized more hints than email data.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study examined Chinese learners' pragmatic choices in their use of Korean through a variety of experimental tools, such as Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs), metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs of intermediate or higher ability who responded to DCTs and MQs. They were also asked to consider their evaluations and refusal responses in RIs. The results showed that CLKs are more likely to reject native Korean pragmatic norms. Their choices were influenced by four factors such as their personality and multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories, as well as their relational affordances. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment.<br><br>The MQ data were analysed to determine the participants' pragmatic choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their selections with their linguistic performance using DCTs to determine if they were a sign of resistance to pragmatics. Interviewees also had to explain the reasons for choosing an atypical behavior in certain situations.<br><br>The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were analyzed with descriptive statistics and z tests. It was found that CLKs frequently resorted to the use of euphemistic phrases such as "sorry" and "thank you." This was likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target language, which resulted in an inadequate knowledge of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 norms or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs favored to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms whereas in Situation 14 they preferred converging to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs revealed that CLKs were aware of their practical resistance to each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-to-one basis in the space of two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs, which were transcribed and recorded by two coders who were independent, were then coded. The code was re-coded repeatedly, with the coders re-reading and discussing each transcript. The coding results were then evaluated against the original RI transcripts, which provided an indication of how well the RIs were able to capture the fundamental behaviors.<br><br>Refusal Interviews (RIs)<br><br>One of the major questions in pragmatic research is the reason why learners decide to rescind the pragmatic norms of native speakers. A recent study attempted to answer this question using a variety of experimental tools, such as DCTs MQs, DCTs, and [https://xn--mgbg7b3bdcu.net/?qa=user/jampull34 ํ๋ผ๊ทธ๋งํฑ ํํ์ด์ง] RIs. Participants included 44 CLKs and 46 CNSs from five Korean Universities. Participants were required to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or their L2. Then, they were invited to attend a RI where they were required to reflect on their responses to the DCT situations.<br><br>The results showed that, on average, the CLKs resisted the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40% of their responses. They did this even when they could produce patterns that resembled native speakers. Furthermore, they were clearly aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their decision to learner-internal factors like their personality and multilingual identities. They also mentioned external factors, such as relational benefits. They outlined, for instance, how their interactions with their professors helped them to function more easily in terms of the linguistic and social norms at their university.<br><br>However, the interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures and consequences they could face if they flouted their local social norms. They were worried that their local friends might perceive them as "foreigners" and [https://herring-pedersen-2.mdwrite.net/the-9-things-your-parents-teach-you-about-how-to-check-the-authenticity-of-pragmatic/ ํ๋ผ๊ทธ๋งํฑ ์ฌ์ดํธ] think they are unintelligent. This worry was similar to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These findings suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the preferred choice of Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should reconsider the applicability of these tests in various contexts and in particular situations. This will allow them to better comprehend how different environments could affect the practical behavior of L2 learners in the classroom and beyond. Moreover it will assist educators to develop more effective methodologies for teaching and testing korea pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor to Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consulting firm based in Seoul.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is a method that focuses on in-depth, participant-centered investigations to investigate a specific topic. This method makes use of multiple data sources including documents, interviews, and observations, to support its findings. This kind of investigation can be used to study specific or complicated subjects that are difficult for other methods of measuring.<br><br>In a case study the first step is to clearly define the subject and the goals of the study. This will help determine what aspects of the subject matter are crucial for investigation and which ones can be omitted. It is also beneficial to review existing literature related to the topic to gain a better understanding of the topic and to place the case study within a larger theoretical context.<br><br>This case study was based on an open source platform such as the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its specific benchmarks for Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this study revealed that L2 Korean learners were highly dependent on the influence of native models. They tended to choose wrong answers, which were literal interpretations. This was a deviance from accurate pragmatic inference. They also showed an unnatural tendency to add their own text or "garbage," to their responses, which further hampered the quality of their responses.<br><br>The participants in this study were all L2 Korean students who had reached level four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second university year and were aiming to reach level six by their next attempt. They were asked to answer questions about their WTC/SPCC as well as understanding and pragmatic awareness.<br><br>The interviewees were given two scenarios, each involving a hypothetical interaction with their interlocutors and were asked to choose one of the following strategies to use when making an inquiry. Interviewees were then asked to justify their decision. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatism to their personalities. For instance, TS claimed that she was difficult to talk to, and so she was reluctant to inquire about her interactant's well-being with an intense workload despite her belief that native Koreans would do so.
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