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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics examines the relationship between language and context. It deals with questions like: What do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy that is focused on the practical and sensible actions. It differs from idealism which is the belief that one should stick to their beliefs regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways that language users find meaning from and each with each other. It is often viewed as a part of the language however it differs from semantics because pragmatics studies what the user wants to convey rather than what the meaning actually is.<br><br>As a field of research, pragmatics is relatively young and its research has grown quickly in the past few decades. It is a linguistics academic field but it has also affected research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics, and anthropology.<br><br>There are a variety of perspectives on pragmatics, and they have contributed to its development and growth. For example, [https://king-bookmark.stream/story.php?title=do-not-make-this-blunder-with-your-pragmatic-game 프라그마틱 무료게임] 정품인증; [http://www.yyml.online/bbs/home.php?mod=space&uid=327329 More Material], one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics, that focuses on the concept of intention and how it affects the speaker's comprehension of the listener's. The lexical and concept strategies for pragmatics are also views on the subject. These views have contributed to the diversity of subjects that pragmatics researchers have investigated.<br><br>The research in pragmatics has focused on a broad range of subjects such as L2 pragmatic understanding as well as request production by EFL learners and the role of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It has also been applied to social and cultural phenomena, including political discourse, discriminatory language and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers also have employed various methods, from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs depending on which database is utilized. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, yet their positions differ based on the database. This is due to pragmatics being a multidisciplinary area that intersects other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to classify the top authors of pragmatics by their number of publications alone. It is possible to determine influential authors by examining their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For instance Bambini's contribution to the field of pragmatics has led to concepts like conversational implicature and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also highly influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics concentrates on the contexts and users of language use instead of focusing on reference to truth, grammar, or. It studies the ways in which one expression can be understood as meaning different things in different contexts as well as those triggered by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies used by listeners to determine if phrases have a message. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines are a matter of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is widely recognized, [http://mariskamast.net:/smf/index.php?action=profile;u=4407047 프라그마틱 정품인증] it's not always clear how they should be drawn. Some philosophers argue that the notion of meaning of sentences is a component of semantics, whereas others claim that this type of problem should be considered pragmatic.<br><br>Another controversy concerns whether pragmatics is a subfield of philosophy of languages or a subset of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent discipline and  [http://autisticburnout.org/index.php?title=Why_Nobody_Cares_About_Pragmatic_Sugar_Rush 프라그마틱 정품인증] should be considered a part of linguistics, along with the study of phonology. syntax, semantics etc. Others have suggested the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy since it focuses on how our ideas about the meaning and use of languages influence our theories on how languages function.<br><br>There are a few major issues that arise in the study of pragmatics that have fueled much of this debate. For instance, some researchers have argued that pragmatics is not a discipline in and of itself since it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language without necessarily being able to provide any information regarding what is actually being said. This sort of approach is called far-side pragmatics. Others, however, have argued that the subject is a discipline in its own right since it examines the ways in which the meaning and usage of language is influenced by social and cultural factors. This is known as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other topics of discussion in pragmatics are the ways we think about the nature of the utterance interpretation process as an inferential process, and the role that the primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is said by an individual speaker in a sentence. These are the issues discussed a bit more extensively in the papers of Recanati and Bach. Both papers address the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment. These are important pragmatic processes in that they aid in shaping the meaning of an expression.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the role that context plays to the meaning of language. It examines the way the human language is utilized in social interaction and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists that focus on pragmatics.<br><br>Over the years, many theories of pragmatism have been proposed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, focus on the intention of communication of speakers. Others, like Relevance Theory concentrate on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Certain pragmatic approaches have been incorporated with other disciplines such as cognitive science or philosophy.<br><br>There are also a variety of views about the line between semantics and pragmatics. Certain philosophers,  [https://infozillon.com/user/leadflute5/ 프라그마틱 체험] such as Morris, believe that semantics and pragmatics are two distinct subjects. He claims semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects they could or might not denote whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers, like Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a field that is part of semantics. They distinguish between 'nearside' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on what is said, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that some of the 'pragmatics' of the words spoken are already influenced by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' is determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that the same utterance could have different meanings in different contexts, based on things like ambiguity and indexicality. The structure of the conversation, the beliefs of the speaker and intentions, as well as expectations of the audience can also alter the meaning of a word.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is a matter of culture. This is due to different cultures having their own rules regarding what is acceptable to say in various situations. In some cultures, it's considered polite to keep eye contact. In other cultures, it's considered rude.<br><br>There are various perspectives on pragmatics, and a lot of research is being conducted in this field. The main areas of research are: formal and computational pragmatics theoretic and experimental pragmatics; intercultural and cross-linguistic pragmatics; pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.<br><br>How does Free Pragmatics compare to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The pragmatics discipline is concerned with the way meaning is communicated through the language used in its context. It examines the way in which the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence interpretation, with less attention paid to the grammatical aspects of the speech rather than what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is linked to other areas of study of linguistics, such as semantics and syntax or the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years, the field of pragmatics has grown in various directions such as computational linguistics pragmatics of conversation, and theoretic pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a variety of research, which focuses on aspects like lexical features and the interaction between discourse, language and meaning.<br><br>In the philosophical discussion of pragmatics one of the most important questions is whether it is possible to give a rigorous and systematic analysis of the interplay between pragmatics and semantics. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have claimed that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is ill-defined and that semantics and pragmatics are in fact the identical.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to go between these two positions and argue that certain events are either pragmatics or semantics. For instance some scholars believe that if a statement has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics, whereas others believe that the fact that an expression could be interpreted in different ways is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different view and argue that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is just one of the many ways that the word can be interpreted, and that all interpretations are valid. This approach is often called far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Recent work in pragmatics has sought to combine semantic and far-side approaches,  [https://www.pdc.edu/?URL=https://blogfreely.net/baboonturnip9/the-leading-reasons-why-people-perform-well-on-the-pragmatic-image-industry 프라그마틱 무료체험 메타] attempting to capture the full scope of the possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by demonstrating how the speaker's beliefs and intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. The 2019 version is an Gricean model of the Rational Speech Act framework, and  [https://bbs.pku.edu.cn/v2/jump-to.php?url=https://case-barnes.blogbright.net/10-things-you-learned-in-preschool-that-can-help-you-in-pragmatic-free-slots 프라그마틱 무료체험 메타] technological advances developed by Franke and Bergen. The model predicts that listeners will entertain a variety of possible exhaustified interpretations of a speech that contains the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusivity implicature so robust as compared to other plausible implicatures.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions such as What do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophies of practical and reasonable actions. It differs from idealism,  [https://images.google.td/url?q=https://drakekite7.bravejournal.net/learn-about-pragmatic-while-working-from-at-home 프라그마틱 슬롯 추천] which is the belief that one must adhere to their beliefs regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is how people who speak a language interact and communicate with one other. It is often viewed as a component of language, although it differs from semantics because pragmatics looks at what the user wants to convey rather than what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research field it is comparatively new and its research has been expanding rapidly in the last few decades. It has been mostly an academic discipline within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics and anthropology.<br><br>There are many different perspectives on pragmatics that have contributed to its growth and development. One is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which focuses on the notions of intention and the interaction with the speaker's knowledge about the listener's comprehension. The lexical and concept approaches to pragmatics are likewise perspectives on the subject. These perspectives have contributed to the diversity of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have studied.<br><br>The research in pragmatics has been focused on a wide range of topics that include L2 pragmatic comprehension as well as request production by EFL learners and the role of theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It is also applied to cultural and social phenomena, like political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics varies according to the database used, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and UK are two of the top contributors in pragmatics research. However, their rank differs based on the database. This difference is due to the fact that pragmatics is an interconnected field that is inextricably linked with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to determine the top authors in pragmatics according to their number of publications alone. It is possible to determine influential authors by looking at their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For example, Bambini's contribution to pragmatics is a pioneering concept such as conversational implicature and politeness theory. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics are Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is focused on the users and contexts of language use instead of focusing on reference, truth, or grammar. It focuses on the ways that an expression can be understood to mean various things depending on the context as well as those triggered by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on strategies that hearers use to determine if phrases are intended to be communicative. It is closely related to the theory of conversational implicature, developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known, long-established one however, there is a lot of controversy about the precise boundaries of these fields. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the notion of a sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics. Others have argued that this kind of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic issue.<br><br>Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics is to be a linguistics branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a subject in its own right and should be treated as an independent part of the field of linguistics along with syntax, phonology, semantics and more. Others, however have argued the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it focuses on how our notions of the meaning of language and how it is used influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>The debate has been fuelled by a few key questions that are essential to the study of pragmatism. Some scholars have argued for instance, that pragmatics isn't a subject by itself because it examines how people interpret and use language without necessarily referring to facts about what actually was said. This kind of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Certain scholars have argued that this research should be considered an independent discipline since it studies how social and cultural influences influence the meaning and usage of language. This is referred to as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>The field of pragmatics also focuses on the inferential nature and meaning of utterances, as well as the role of primary pragmatic processes in determining what a speaker is saying in the sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers address the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment. These are significant pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the overall meaning of an utterance.<br><br>What is the difference between Free Pragmatics and from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the role that context plays to the meaning of language. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interaction, and the relationship between the interpreter and the speaker. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics.<br><br>Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the intention of communication of the speaker. Relevance Theory for instance, focuses on the processes of understanding that occur when listeners interpret utterances. Some pragmatics theories are merged with other disciplines, including cognitive science and philosophy.<br><br>There are also a variety of opinions on the boundary between semantics and pragmatics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two different subjects. He states that semantics is concerned with the relation of signs to objects which they may or may not denote,  [https://historydb.date/wiki/Simssykes1423 프라그마틱 데모] whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have claimed that pragmatism is a subfield within semantics. They distinguish between 'near-side' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concerns the content of what is said, while far-side focuses on the logic implications of a statement. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' of the words spoken are already determined by semantics while the rest is defined by the processes of inference.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that a single utterance may have different meanings depending on factors such as ambiguity or indexicality. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, as well as the expectations of the listener.<br><br>A second aspect of pragmatics is its cultural specificity. It is because each culture has its own rules about what is appropriate in various situations. In certain cultures, it's polite to make eye contact. In other cultures, it's rude.<br><br>There are many different perspectives of pragmatics, and lots of research is being done in this field. The main areas of study are: formal and computational pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; cross-cultural and intercultural pragmatics; pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field,  [https://www.pmxwiki.xyz/index.php/User:NannetteClutterb 프라그마틱 무료체험] is concerned with how meaning is conveyed through language use in context. It examines how the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence interpretation, and focuses less on grammaral characteristics of the expression rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who specialize on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is linked to other areas of the study of linguistics such as semantics and syntax, or philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years, the field of pragmatics has grown in a variety of directions such as computational linguistics pragmatics of conversation, and theoretic pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a broad range of research, which addresses aspects like lexical features and the interplay between discourse, [https://xn--80adec2ampndbs9h.xn--p1ai/user/homespleen0/ 프라그마틱 사이트] 무료체험 - [https://www.metooo.com/u/66ea9bdc129f1459ee6c89eb linked internet page] - language, and meaning.<br><br>One of the most important issues in the philosophical debate of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to have an accurate, systematic understanding of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is not clear, and that they are the same thing.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to argue between these two views and argue that certain phenomena fall under either semantics or  [http://idea.informer.com/users/waitergray5/?what=personal 프라그마틱 무료] pragmatics. For instance some scholars believe that if an expression has an actual truth-conditional meaning, then it is semantics, while others argue that the fact that an expression may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in the field of pragmatics have taken a different view, arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an expression is only one of many ways in which an expression can be understood and that all of these ways are valid. This is sometimes referred to as "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Some recent work in pragmatics has attempted to integrate semantic and far-side approaches in an effort to comprehend the entire range of possibilities of an utterance's interpretation by demonstrating how the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts that the listeners will be able to consider a variety of possible exhaustified interpretations of an utterance containing the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusivity implicature so strong when contrasted to other possible implicatures.

Revision as of 23:08, 13 February 2025

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions such as What do people mean by the words they use?

It's a philosophies of practical and reasonable actions. It differs from idealism, 프라그마틱 슬롯 추천 which is the belief that one must adhere to their beliefs regardless of what.

What is Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is how people who speak a language interact and communicate with one other. It is often viewed as a component of language, although it differs from semantics because pragmatics looks at what the user wants to convey rather than what the actual meaning is.

As a research field it is comparatively new and its research has been expanding rapidly in the last few decades. It has been mostly an academic discipline within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics and anthropology.

There are many different perspectives on pragmatics that have contributed to its growth and development. One is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which focuses on the notions of intention and the interaction with the speaker's knowledge about the listener's comprehension. The lexical and concept approaches to pragmatics are likewise perspectives on the subject. These perspectives have contributed to the diversity of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have studied.

The research in pragmatics has been focused on a wide range of topics that include L2 pragmatic comprehension as well as request production by EFL learners and the role of theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It is also applied to cultural and social phenomena, like political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.

The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics varies according to the database used, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and UK are two of the top contributors in pragmatics research. However, their rank differs based on the database. This difference is due to the fact that pragmatics is an interconnected field that is inextricably linked with other disciplines.

This makes it difficult to determine the top authors in pragmatics according to their number of publications alone. It is possible to determine influential authors by looking at their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For example, Bambini's contribution to pragmatics is a pioneering concept such as conversational implicature and politeness theory. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics are Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is focused on the users and contexts of language use instead of focusing on reference, truth, or grammar. It focuses on the ways that an expression can be understood to mean various things depending on the context as well as those triggered by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on strategies that hearers use to determine if phrases are intended to be communicative. It is closely related to the theory of conversational implicature, developed by Paul Grice.

While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known, long-established one however, there is a lot of controversy about the precise boundaries of these fields. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the notion of a sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics. Others have argued that this kind of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic issue.

Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics is to be a linguistics branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a subject in its own right and should be treated as an independent part of the field of linguistics along with syntax, phonology, semantics and more. Others, however have argued the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it focuses on how our notions of the meaning of language and how it is used influence our theories of how languages function.

The debate has been fuelled by a few key questions that are essential to the study of pragmatism. Some scholars have argued for instance, that pragmatics isn't a subject by itself because it examines how people interpret and use language without necessarily referring to facts about what actually was said. This kind of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Certain scholars have argued that this research should be considered an independent discipline since it studies how social and cultural influences influence the meaning and usage of language. This is referred to as near-side pragmatics.

The field of pragmatics also focuses on the inferential nature and meaning of utterances, as well as the role of primary pragmatic processes in determining what a speaker is saying in the sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers address the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment. These are significant pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the overall meaning of an utterance.

What is the difference between Free Pragmatics and from Explanatory Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the role that context plays to the meaning of language. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interaction, and the relationship between the interpreter and the speaker. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics.

Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the intention of communication of the speaker. Relevance Theory for instance, focuses on the processes of understanding that occur when listeners interpret utterances. Some pragmatics theories are merged with other disciplines, including cognitive science and philosophy.

There are also a variety of opinions on the boundary between semantics and pragmatics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two different subjects. He states that semantics is concerned with the relation of signs to objects which they may or may not denote, 프라그마틱 데모 whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in context.

Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have claimed that pragmatism is a subfield within semantics. They distinguish between 'near-side' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concerns the content of what is said, while far-side focuses on the logic implications of a statement. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' of the words spoken are already determined by semantics while the rest is defined by the processes of inference.

One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that a single utterance may have different meanings depending on factors such as ambiguity or indexicality. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, as well as the expectations of the listener.

A second aspect of pragmatics is its cultural specificity. It is because each culture has its own rules about what is appropriate in various situations. In certain cultures, it's polite to make eye contact. In other cultures, it's rude.

There are many different perspectives of pragmatics, and lots of research is being done in this field. The main areas of study are: formal and computational pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; cross-cultural and intercultural pragmatics; pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.

How is Free Pragmatics Similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field, 프라그마틱 무료체험 is concerned with how meaning is conveyed through language use in context. It examines how the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence interpretation, and focuses less on grammaral characteristics of the expression rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who specialize on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is linked to other areas of the study of linguistics such as semantics and syntax, or philosophy of language.

In recent years, the field of pragmatics has grown in a variety of directions such as computational linguistics pragmatics of conversation, and theoretic pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a broad range of research, which addresses aspects like lexical features and the interplay between discourse, 프라그마틱 사이트 무료체험 - linked internet page - language, and meaning.

One of the most important issues in the philosophical debate of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to have an accurate, systematic understanding of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is not clear, and that they are the same thing.

It is not unusual for scholars to argue between these two views and argue that certain phenomena fall under either semantics or 프라그마틱 무료 pragmatics. For instance some scholars believe that if an expression has an actual truth-conditional meaning, then it is semantics, while others argue that the fact that an expression may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.

Other researchers in the field of pragmatics have taken a different view, arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an expression is only one of many ways in which an expression can be understood and that all of these ways are valid. This is sometimes referred to as "far-side pragmatics".

Some recent work in pragmatics has attempted to integrate semantic and far-side approaches in an effort to comprehend the entire range of possibilities of an utterance's interpretation by demonstrating how the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts that the listeners will be able to consider a variety of possible exhaustified interpretations of an utterance containing the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusivity implicature so strong when contrasted to other possible implicatures.